PERU fishing with guts to report…
Tuna is the nomad of the sea, nothing at cruising speeds of 3-7 km / h, but can reach 70 km / h, exceptionally, they are able to exceed 110 km / h in tours short, they are pelagic ocean animals, they travel long distances during their migrations, It is a fish eater which runs various seas.
Background of the tuna fishery in Peru:
In the early 50s the US and Costa Rica, founded the Scientific American Tropical Tuna Commission, IATTC, an organization that seeks to regulate fishing for tuna in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, EPO, to which Peru adheres very late this, even though our country had developed a potential tuna fishery, supported mainly by US tuna fleet and infrastructure onshore processing plants, taking a major stake in US processing plants such as: STAR KIST, BUMBLE BEE CHICKEN OF THE SEA.
Peru in the 50s and 60s, was the Latin American tuna champion, had fleet had ground infrastructure, there was a tuna class culture, that time came the best captains of Peru height triumphed abroad. Peru became the star of the South Pacific.
Then by bad government policies our country lost much and could never consolidate its goals or objectives tuna matter, because:
First: Velasco military regime decides to confiscate and nationalize the US tuna fleet operating against Peru and frozen processing plants located in Paita and Coishco.
Part of the American fleet managed to flee to Manta and elsewhere boat was seized by the military government and ended up sinking;
The military regime convinced of the benefits of fishing and tuna industry, decided in 1971, built by shipyards Picsa Chimbote 24 tuna vessels steel storage capacity of 150 MT
With the overthrow of Velasco, tuna these megaprojects fall, becoming an example of the inefficiency that marked the end of Peruvian tuna cycle until the 60 held at Peru as tuna sudamerica power. Paita was the most important port in the South Pacific tuna, was known as the Star of the South Pacific, while Manta at the time was a small fledgling port.
The tuna capital of the blanket:
Manta as the new capital of Tuna in South America, title to date deserve, because through this important hydrobiological resource that feeds humans and not pigs as is flour Peruvian anchoveta, has succeeded in establishing itself as a cosmopolitan city and contributes to the development of the Ecuadorian economy, while Paita stayed in the 50s.
In Ecuador, the tuna fishing industry contributes 7% to GDP, is the third major economy after oil and the banana industry.
The Ecuadorian tuna fleet consists of 108 tuna vessels in this fleet landed 221,000 Ecuadorian ports TM
The mantenses processing plants, buy and process 221,000 MT disembarking its fleet, plus buy to Asia around 300,000 MT processed so that added more than 500,000 MT annually approaching the global leader Tuna as is Thailand, which annually processes more than 600,000 MT
Peruvian news:
Since the collapse of the military dictatorship tuna turn Peru into power, it took almost 30 years to finally the concern of the former Minister of Fisheries Dr. Ludwig Meier Cornejo in the second government of President Alberto Fujimori, decides to enact RM
550-97-PE, which after nearly 30 years our country opens the door to exploitation Tuna supported by the issuance of permits for tuna fishing vessels flying foreign flags. R..M post. 550-97-PE, the governments of former presidents: Valentin Paniagua, Alejandro Toledo and Alan Garcia, showing great concern seek to develop the tuna activity (catch and development of onshore processing plants), issued a series of standards, as follows:
1.-The March 30, 2001 promulgating the S.D. PE-014-2001 "Regulation of Fishery.
2.-The November 26, 2001, he issued the S.D. PE-038-2001 "Changing the Rules of Tuna Fisheries Management".
3.-The December 24, 2001 the Congress enacted Law 27608 "to Promote Globalization of Tuna Fisheries Act and the Development of Industry and Frozen Canning of this species."
4.-The February 6, 2002, was promulgated by the S.D. PE-001-2002 "Amend paragraph 5.6 of the art. 5to. Tuna Fishing Regulations. "
5.-The January 24, 2007, Law 28965 "Law for the Promotion of Highly Migratory Resources Extraction" is enacted.
6.-The February 5, 2011, he issued the S.D. 002-2011-PRODUCE "Rules of the Law for the Promotion of Highly Migratory Resources Extraction".
Government of President Ollanta Humala:
7.-The March 26, 2013, he issued the S.D. 002-2013-PRODUCE "Regulation of Fishery Supply Promote Tuna Canning Industry National and C ongeladora".
Law 27608 enacted on December 24, 2001, was the promoter of emphasis all enacted in the past 13 years, the government in power at that time realized that it was not possible to create a tuna activity "fleet and plants on land"
Now that our country is giving shares carry awarded by CIAT, for the creation of a national fleet time to enact similar to 27608 Act, seeking release of taxes and tariffs on imports of new tuna boats and used equipment etc, for not less than 10 years period.
On the other hand, recall that in 2002, Peru to the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, IATTC scientific organization which brings together 21 member states and 4 cooperating states, which regulates tuna fishing in the Eastern Pacific Ocean adheres .
The CIAT Peru promises to provide a carry (fishing rights for the EPO) to 14,046 m3 in the long term, which was granted at the beginning and then 5,000 m3 3,195 m3 (limited to operate within our territorial waters), limitation
It remains that the IATTC give us the outstanding balance of 5,851 m3 also needed urgently seeking a modern promoter Legal framework and supporting the development of the fishing activity in the short term activity MUST NOT BE UNDERSTOOD AS OPERATIONS ONLY FISHING AND DOWNLOAD A PERUVIAN PLANT, but the tuna activity includes a series of related activities that create social economic life around her in all our ports in the Peruvian coast.
We warn that current authorities PRODUCE, which is a mistake to look only an economic result of delivery of shares carrying CIAT individuals businesses that are not properly prepared to fish tuna in the EPO.
ABSURD SHOW THAT THE AUTHORITIES OF PRODUCE be anxious TO GET FEES HAULING CIAT TO OPERATE IN THE EPO, SI VAN GIVE THAT CARRY THE BLIND, THAT IS SEEING THE CHEQUE OF WHO PAYS MORE AND ALLOW SUCH ACARREOS SEAN grafted VESSELS
The state can not play a simple role of the servicer if a driver should not be real and effective development of efficient and tuna fishing activity, creating a legal framework that makes our country a showcase tuna to activate around tuna fishing
If we continue to allow the CIAT carries, they are given to hybrid vessels eventually throw records tuna catch very low which will blur the tuna activity in our country, in short misuse of these carries not generate volumes of capture is
Current and emerging Peruvian fleet by having an expensive fuel and no doubt be properly prepared to operate within CIAT OPO-action and only epochs of tuna fished in migration (summer) and probably will not go fishing outside the 200 miles, the rest of the year.
"Ways to find the right direction and make the tuna fishery and activity is a point of development for our country."
Modification of supreme decrees:
D.S. 002-2011-PRODUCE:
One of the most important points of this decree, is the type of fuel used for this activity is the only Marine Gas Oil is sold on the Callao container port and not fishing; however, technical studies indicate that the use of Diesel 2 was already approved
by the Ministry of Finance and its incorporation into the standard must be urgent and immediate.
Should be added to that rule for vessels discharging at least 50% of its wineries, PETROPERÚ will sell Diesel 2 FREE PLUS TAX COST PRICE (price as PETROPERÚ to buy). Ie should not collect the rent. THIS IS NOT GRANT BUT SOMETHING help REDUCE HIGH FUEL PRICE.
In America, the main countries of the region tuna support their fleets with fuel preferential rates, as follows:
Colombia = US $ 1.87 / gallon
Mexico = US $ 1.57 / gallon
Ecuador = US $ 0.90 / gallon
Venezuela = US $ 0.10 / gallon
In these countries it is impossible to compete yet.
On this point, Panama is the only country that competes with Peru, as both fuel sold tax-free tuna, the first has no industry or large fishing ports that help people grow and requires no obligation to discharge
D.S. 002-2013-PRODUCE:
In this decree, should be sought as to suppress the domestic processing plants conventions, agreements should be made directly with the PERU through the Ministry of Production, this will create more freedom of action and competitiveness as the foreign shipowner will have the possibility build their own refrigerator may be downloaded itself, activating marketing frozen inside Peruvian territory.
Also the time to meet discharge must be extended to one year and it a download fishing permit actually profited, this would lead to a development Hopefully argued that PRODUCE give relevance and importance to the fishery and tuna activity, activity that will help much to combat extreme poverty faced by many coastal villages of our country, and contribute significantly to the development of them.
Recommendations:
1.-Grant fishing permits to the largest number of foreign-flagged tuna vessels within
tight deadlines, this will allow these vessels pay their fishing rights will contribute to the public treasury.
2.-If we delay times excessive granting of fishing permits, we will encourage the desestimientos consequently the Peruvian State must repay to shipowners the payments made.
3.-We must understand that the tuna does not belong to Peru, our waters are zones along which the tuna, so if we do not deliver fishing permits quickly, will be promoting these tuna are caught off our waters and consequently lose 30% of wineries download fishing permit.
4.-The deadlines to meet discharge must be set within the financial year.
5.-You must create a national tuna management specialist who treats all tuna timely records.
6.-It should be emphasized that the management make haste to all procedures for issuing fishing licenses for foreign fishing fleet.
7.-Should modify the TUPAs and must implement the positive response to the procedures for obtaining permits for foreign tuna fishing boats.
8.-PETROPERÚ must sell Diesel 2 without tax as required by DS 002-2011-PRODUCE ALSO MUST SELL AT COST (import cost) for tuna vessels that discharge 50% of its storage capacity in Peruvian territory PRICE.
By: Juan Neira Balta
Lawyer fishing
